Black eyed susan (Rudbeckia hirta):
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhD94Wc-LpZy8SErUkgDFaz1lEmkIBWcey_JEKUBYLGUcdV57oYt9ZAJsGei2KNYloo2BxdRi_pf1DqdWQ-F4vLpO_CK0dFwRMzu2W9-331NEdnMpHGhiSWLRb4VGXgkVMHUwjmoaIqSms/s200/chem+19.jpg)
The plant also is a traditional Native American medicinal herb in several tribal nations; believed in those cultures to be a remedy for colds, flu, infection, swelling and for snake bites. Typically used as a poultice, it is applied directly to the skin. It boosts immunity and fight infections and is also an astringent when used in a warm infusion as a wash for sores and swellings.
Limonene is found in some plants of the Asteraceae family which is a natural colorless liquid used for clensing and contains anti-stress and sedative properties.
![Skeletal structure of the R-isomer](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Limonene-2D-skeletal.svg/320px-Limonene-2D-skeletal.svg.png)
Blue vervain (Verbena hastata):
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMed7hLzZxVHS02RPuaMGHr-IqXXkIfFKUcDIzAZOpj2bYi4gD2n1KhF0HT8x6sWOJlQFu9PrffcpwJtWA7MGn4dxhbP3F-URTeXQr5y_tmk6WxR4g-UvHa-y11h1jGLRh62io-v1Qyfs/s200/chem+14.jpg)
Some people apply verbena directly to the skin through a poultice to treat poorly healing wounds, abscesses and burns; joint pains and itching caused by allergic reactions or blisters.
The plant contains cornin, hastatoside, and verbenalin which is used primarily as a soothing and sleep-promoting component.
![Verbenalin.svg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Verbenalin.svg/512px-Verbenalin.svg.png)
Sources:
The Herbal Resource. (2015). Black-Eyed Susan. Retrieved September 6, 2015, from http%3A%2F%2Fwww.herbal-supplement-resource.com%2Fblack-eyed-susan.html
Rudbeckia hirta. (2015, September 5). Retrieved September 6, 2015, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudbeckia_hirta
Asteraceae. (2015, August 20). Retrieved September 6, 2015, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteraceae
Limonene. (2015, August 28). Retrieved September 6, 2015, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limonene
Verbena hastata. (2015, May 10). Retrieved September 6, 2015, from https://en.wikipedia
USDA. (2012). Biochemical Conversion Pilot Plant (Fact Sheet). Plant Fact Sheet Blue Vervain. doi:10.2172/1045707
Verbena: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions and Warnings - WebMD. (n.d.). Retrieved September 6, 2015, from http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-88-verbena.aspx?activeingredientid=88&activeingredientname=verbena
Naturalmedicinefacts. (2015). Verbena hastata - Natural medicine facts. Retrieved September 6, 2015, from http://www.naturalmedicinefacts.info/plant/verbena-hastata.html
Verbenalin. (2015, September 4). Retrieved September 6, 2015, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbenalin
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